Merychippus
P4, M1
? Merychippus, unidentified specimens
Upper Teeth [9]
Merychippus sejunctus
Crown View, mirrored horizontally
Fd. East of Laramie Peak, Wyoming, USA
Upper Teeth [8]
Merychippus labrosus etc.
Grinding Surface
Right to left - P1 to M1
Fd.Pawnee Creek bed, Pawnee Buttes, Colorado, USA
 
Perissodactyla/Equidae/Equinae
Worn Lower Tooth (fossil)
Merychippus primus
One root is broken off
1822 Fd.Sheep Creek Formation,
Sioux Co., Nebraska, USA
First Phalanx (fossil)
Merychippus primus
1822 Fd.Sheep Creek Formation,
Sioux Co., Nebraska, USA
Lower Jaws [17]
A - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, p2 to m2;
B - Merychippus calamarius stylodontus? p2 to m1
All Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA
Upper and Lower Jaws [18]
A - Merychippus intermontanus? Merriam, upper milk teeth with occlusal view of M1;
B - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, lower milk teeth with permanent m1;
C - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, lower milk tooth dm3
All Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA
A
B
A
B
C
Rear Leg [15]
Merychippus sejunctus
A - Exterior view ; B - Anterior view;
C - Hoof, inferior and rear end views
Fd. Pawnee Creek beds near Pawnee Buttes, Colorado, USA
A
B
C
Legs [16]
Merychippus sp.
A - third phalanx;
B - metacarpal with portion of side toes;
C - metacarpal with digit and portion of side toes;
D - metatarsal with digit and portion of side toes
Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA
A
B
C
D
___________________________
 
[1] https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merychippus
[2] https://www.britannica.com/animal/horse/Evolution-of-the-horse
[3]https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merychippus
[4] Ibid.
[5] Ibid.
[6] Osborn,Henry, The Age of Mammals in Europe, Asia and North America, (New York: The MacMillian Co., 1921), 297
[7] Cope, Edward and Matthew, William, Hitherto Unpublished Plates of Tertiary Mammalia and Permian Vertebrata, (United States Government for the American Museum of Natural History, 1915), Plate CXLV
[8] Ibid., Plate CXLVIIIa
[9] Ibid.
[10] Ibid.
[11] Ibid.
[12] Ibid., Plate CLI
[13] Ibid., Plate CXLVIII
[14] Ibid., Plate CL
[15] Ibid., Plate CLI, background changed to grey
[16] Merriam, John,Tertiary Mammalian Faunas of the Mohave Desert, (California:University of California Publications, 1919), 501
[17] Ibid., 487
[18] Ibid., 491
[19] Ibid., 481
[20] Ibid., 485
[21] Ibid., 482
[22] Ibid., 492
[23] Wikimedia Commons, (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)
 
 
 
   
Skull and Lower Jaw [20]
A - Merychippus calamarius stylodontus skull, inferior view;
B - Merychippus intermontanus? Merriam, lower jaw, lateral and crown views
C - Merychippus calamarius stylodontus lower jaw, lateral and crown views
All Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA
A
B
C
Upper Teeth [19]
A - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, type specimen P2 to M3, occlusal view;
B - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, type specimen M2, outer view;
C - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, type specimen P3;
D - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, P2 to M3, occlusal view
All Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA
C
B
A
D
Upper Teeth [21]
A - Merychippus sumani? Merriam, P2 to P4;
B - Merychippus calamarius stylodontus, type specimen M2 and M3;
C - Merychippus calamarius stylodontus, P2 and P3;
D - Merychippus intermontanus? Merriam, P2 to M3, occlusal view
All Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA
B
D
A
C
Lower Jaw with Milk Teeth [22]
Merychippus sumani? Merriam
Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA
Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA
Replica of a specimen of the American Museum of Natural History, New York
Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe, Germany
Skull and jaw, complete skeleton, left forefoot frontal, left forefoot lateral
Photo by H. Zell [23], from Wikimedia Commons
Upper Premolars [19]
Merychippus ? sphenodus
Crown view
Fd. Pawnee Creek beds, Colorado, USA
Upper P2 Tooth [13]
Merychippus sphenodus
Crown View, mirrored horizontally
Fd.Pawnee Creek beds, Pawnee Buttes, Colorado, USA
Lower Jaw [12]
Merychippus sejunctus
Superior View, mirrored horizontally
Fd. Pawnee Creek beds near Pawnee Buttes, Colorado, USA
Skull and Separate P4 and M1 Teeth [7]
Merychippus sp.
Skull - lateral, inferior and superior views
Fd. Republican River beds, Driftwood Creek, HItchcock Co., Nebraska
Upper Teeth [21]
Crown view
Skull [14]
Merychippus sejunctus
Fd. Pawnee Creek Beds, near Pawnee Buttes,
Weld Co., Colorado, USA
Copyright 2018 All rights reserved.

 

Size

About 2.9 feet tall? [1] About 3.3 ft (10 hands) tall [2]

Eye sockets

Complete bony rim, about 0.57 of skull length from front of skull to center of socket

Type of teeth

High-crowned

Toes

Three toes per leg: middle big toe, side toes varied in length among Merychippus[3]

Hooves/pads

Middle toe had a hoove without a pad [4]

Locations found

North America [5]

Other

Fossa (depression) in front of orbit

Eighteen rib pairs per last picture on this page

Found side by side with Parahippus, Protohippus, Hypohippus and Hipparion [6]

Anchippus
Anchitherium
Equus 1 (Recent)
Equus 2 (Recent)
Equus 1 (Fossils)
Equus 2 (Fossils)
Hipparion
Hippidion
Hypohippus
Kalobatippus
Merychippus
Mesohippus
Miohippus
Nannippus
Neohipparion
Orohippus
Parahippus
Pliohippus
Protohippus
Protorohippus
Unidentified
Hyracotherum (Eohippus)
Horse Evolution?