Mesohippus

Restoration by Heinrich Harder

Restoration by Charles R. Knight [11]

Restoration by R. Bruce Horsfall [12]

from skeleton in the American Museum

Mesohippus bairdi

Fd. White River

Reconstructed Skeleton

Mesohippus barbouri

Harvard Museum of Natural History

Photo by David Starner [9]

Photo by Ghedoghedo [10]

Reconstructed Skeleton

Mesohippus bairdi

Museo di Paleontologia di Firenze, Italy

Upper Premolars P1, P2 and P3 (fossil)

Mesohippus bairdi

1837 Fd. Brule Formation, White River Badlands, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA

Lower Premolars p1, p2 and p3 (fossil)

Mesohippus bairdi

1813 Fd. private land, Pennington Co.,

South Dakota, USA

Upper Premolars and Molars (fossil)

1112 Fd. South Dakota, USA

Lower Teeth p4, m1 and, m2

partially erupted (fossil)

Mesohippus bairdi

1813 Fd. private land, Pennington Co.,

South Dakota, USA

Hind Leg [13]

Mesohippus sejunctus

Left to Right - side view, front view, hoof
core rear end and bottom views

Fd. Pawnee Creek beds near Pawnee Buttes, Colorado, USA

Skull Cast

Mesohippus bairdi

Original Fd. White River Formation, Nebraska, USA

7.5" long

Upper Very Worn Upper Teeth (fossil)

Mesohippus bairdi

2052 Fd. Brule Formation, White River Badlands, Pennington Co., South Dakota, USA

Low crown tooth construction is an enamel

coating over dentine with narrow roots.

Lower Tooth (fossil)

Mesohippus or Miohippus?

1573 Fd. Willford Formation, Badlands, Southwest of Laramie, Wyoming, USA

________________________

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesohippus

[2] Bennet, Deb, The Evolution of the Horse: History and Techniques of Study, 2008, 14

[3] wikipedia, Ibid.

[4] Ibid.

[5] Bennet,14

[6] Simpson, George, Horses, (Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1961), 258

[7] wikipedia, Ibid.

[8] Masciale, David M., An Analysis of Anchitherine Equids Across the Eocene-Oligocene Boundary in the White River Group of the Western Great Plains, (2010). Dissertations A & Theses in Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. 11. http://digitalcommons .unl.edu/geoscidiss/11

[9] Wikipedia Commons,[CC BY 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)]

[10] Wikipedia Commons, [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)] )] )]
[11] Osborn, Henry, The Age of Mammals in Europe, Asia and North America, (New York: The MacMillian Co., 1921), 223

[12] Scott, William, A History Land Mammals in the Western Hemisphere, (New York: The MacMillian Co., 1913), 300

[13] Cope, Edward and Matthew, William, Hitherto Unpublished Plates of Tertiary Mammalia and Permian Vertebrata, (United States Government for the American Museum of Natural History), Plate CLI

Perissodactyla/Equidae/Anchitheriiane

Size	About 2 feet tall and up to 4 feet long [1]
Eye sockets	Incomplete bony rim, about 0.52 of skull length from front of skull to center of socket
Type of teeth	Low-crowned, enamel coating over dentine [2], six grinding teeth [3]
Toes	All legs have 3 toes [4]
Hooves/pads	Pads[5], [6]
Locations found	Common in North America [7]
Other	Seventeen rib pairs per skeletons below? Perhaps a junior synonym for Miohippus [8]