Merychippus

P4, M1

? Merychippus, unidentified specimens

Upper Teeth [9]

Merychippus sejunctus

Crown View, mirrored horizontally

Fd. East of Laramie Peak, Wyoming, USA

Upper Teeth [8]

Merychippus labrosus etc.

Grinding Surface

Right to left - P1 to M1

Fd.Pawnee Creek bed, Pawnee Buttes, Colorado, USA

Perissodactyla/Equidae/Equinae

Worn Lower Tooth (fossil)

Merychippus primus

One root is broken off

1822 Fd.Sheep Creek Formation,

Sioux Co., Nebraska, USA

First Phalanx (fossil)

Merychippus primus

1822 Fd.Sheep Creek Formation,

Sioux Co., Nebraska, USA

Lower Jaws [17]

A - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, p2 to m2;

B - Merychippus calamarius stylodontus? p2 to m1

All Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA

Upper and Lower Jaws [18]

A - Merychippus intermontanus? Merriam, upper milk teeth with occlusal view of M1;

B - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, lower milk teeth with permanent m1;

C - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, lower milk tooth dm3

All Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA

Rear Leg [15]

Merychippus sejunctus

A - Exterior view ; B - Anterior view;

C - Hoof, inferior and rear end views

Fd. Pawnee Creek beds near Pawnee Buttes, Colorado, USA

Legs [16]

Merychippus sp.

A - third phalanx;

B - metacarpal with portion of side toes;

C - metacarpal with digit and portion of side toes;

D - metatarsal with digit and portion of side toes

Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA

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[1] https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merychippus

[2] https://www.britannica.com/animal/horse/Evolution-of-the-horse

[3]https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merychippus

[4] Ibid.

[5] Ibid.

[6] Osborn,Henry, The Age of Mammals in Europe, Asia and North America, (New York: The MacMillian Co., 1921), 297

[7] Cope, Edward and Matthew, William, Hitherto Unpublished Plates of Tertiary Mammalia and Permian Vertebrata, (United States Government for the American Museum of Natural History, 1915), Plate CXLV

[8] Ibid., Plate CXLVIIIa

[9] Ibid.

[10] Ibid.

[11] Ibid.

[12] Ibid., Plate CLI

[13] Ibid., Plate CXLVIII

[14] Ibid., Plate CL

[15] Ibid., Plate CLI, background changed to grey

[16] Merriam, John,Tertiary Mammalian Faunas of the Mohave Desert, (California:University of California Publications, 1919), 501

[17] Ibid., 487

[18] Ibid., 491

[19] Ibid., 481

[20] Ibid., 485

[21] Ibid., 482

[22] Ibid., 492

[23] Wikimedia Commons, (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)

Skull and Lower Jaw [20]

A - Merychippus calamarius stylodontus skull, inferior view;

B - Merychippus intermontanus? Merriam, lower jaw, lateral and crown views

C - Merychippus calamarius stylodontus lower jaw, lateral and crown views

All Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA

Upper Teeth [19]

A - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, type specimen P2 to M3, occlusal view;

B - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, type specimen M2, outer view;

C - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, type specimen P3;

D - Merychippus intermontanus Merriam, P2 to M3, occlusal view

All Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA

Upper Teeth [21]

A - Merychippus sumani? Merriam, P2 to P4;

B - Merychippus calamarius stylodontus, type specimen M2 and M3;

C - Merychippus calamarius stylodontus, P2 and P3;

D - Merychippus intermontanus? Merriam, P2 to M3, occlusal view

All Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA

Lower Jaw with Milk Teeth [22]

Merychippus sumani? Merriam

Fd. Mojave Desert, California, USA

Replica of a specimen of the American Museum of Natural History, New York

Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe, Germany

Skull and jaw, complete skeleton, left forefoot frontal, left forefoot lateral

Photo by H. Zell [23], from Wikimedia Commons

Upper Premolars [19]

Merychippus ? sphenodus

Crown view

Fd. Pawnee Creek beds, Colorado, USA

Upper P2 Tooth [13]

Merychippus sphenodus

Crown View, mirrored horizontally

Fd.Pawnee Creek beds, Pawnee Buttes, Colorado, USA

Lower Jaw [12]

Merychippus sejunctus

Superior View, mirrored horizontally

Fd. Pawnee Creek beds near Pawnee Buttes, Colorado, USA

Skull and Separate P4 and M1 Teeth [7]

Merychippus sp.

Skull - lateral, inferior and superior views

Fd. Republican River beds, Driftwood Creek, HItchcock Co., Nebraska

Upper Teeth [21]

Crown view

Skull [14]

Merychippus sejunctus

Fd. Pawnee Creek Beds, near Pawnee Buttes,

Weld Co., Colorado, USA

Size	About 2.9 feet tall? [1] About 3.3 ft (10 hands) tall [2]
Eye sockets	Complete bony rim, about 0.57 of skull length from front of skull to center of socket
Type of teeth	High-crowned
Toes	Three toes per leg: middle big toe, side toes varied in length among Merychippus[3]
Hooves/pads	Middle toe had a hoove without a pad [4]
Locations found	North America [5]
Other	Fossa (depression) in front of orbit Eighteen rib pairs per last picture on this page Found side by side with Parahippus, Protohippus, Hypohippus and Hipparion [6]